१ — अनुग्रही राजा (१:१–१७)
Scripture — Matthew 1:1–17
➤ The book of the genealogy of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham.
➤ To Abraham was born Isaac; and to Isaac, Jacob; and to Jacob, Judah and his brothers; and to Judah were born Perez and Zerah by Tamar; and to Perez was born Hezron; and to Hezron, Ram; and to Ram was born Amminadab; and to Amminadab, Nahshon; and to Nahshon, Salmon; and to Salmon was born Boaz by Rahab; and to Boaz was born Obed by Ruth; and to Obed, Jesse; and to Jesse was born David the king. And to David was born Solomon by her who had been the wife of Uriah; and to Solomon was born Rehoboam; and to Rehoboam, Abijah; and to Abijah, Asa; and to Asa was born Jehoshaphat; and to Jehoshaphat, Joram; and to Joram, Uzziah; and to Uzziah was born Jotham; and to Jotham, Ahaz; and to Ahaz, Hezekiah; and to Hezekiah was born Manasseh; and to Manasseh, Amon; and to Amon, Josiah; and to Josiah were born Jeconiah and his brothers, at the time of the deportation to Babylon.
➤ And after the deportation to Babylon, to Jeconiah was born Shealtiel; and to Shealtiel, Zerubbabel; and to Zerubbabel was born Abiud; and to Abiud, Eliakim; and to Eliakim, Azor; and to Azor was born Zadok; and to Zadok, Achim; and to Achim, Eliud; and to Eliud was born Eleazar; and to Eleazar, Matthan; and to Matthan, Jacob; and to Jacob was born Joseph the husband of Mary, by whom was born Jesus, who is called Christ.
➤ Therefore all the generations from Abraham to David are fourteen generations; and from David to the deportation to Babylon fourteen generations; and from the deportation to Babylon to the time of Christ fourteen generations. (1:1-17)
Commentary — व्याख्या
➤ As explained in the introduction, one of Matthew’s main purposes in writing his Gospel, especially in chapters 1 and 2, is to establish that Jesus has the rightful claim to be Israel’s King.
परिचयमा व्याख्या गरिएझैँ, मत्तीले आफ्नो सुसमाचार लेख्नुका प्रमुख उद्देश्यहरूमध्ये एउटा, विशेष गरी अध्याय १ र २ को मुख्य उद्देश्य, येशूसँग इस्राएलको राजा हुने वैधानिक अधिकार छ भन्ने कुरा स्थापित गर्नु हो।
◆ establish — prove, demonstrate, confirm — स्थापित गर्नु, प्रमाणित गर्नु
◆ rightful claim — legitimate right, lawful entitlement — वैधानिक अधिकार, उचित दाबी
➤ Anyone who examines the evidence honestly, particularly Jews who knew and believed their own Scriptures, can see that these two chapters confirm Jesus’ statement before Pilate: “You say correctly that I am a king. For this I have been born, and for this I have come into the world” (John 18:37).
प्रमाणहरूलाई इमानदारीपूर्वक जाँच्ने कुनै पनि व्यक्तिले, विशेष गरी आफ्नै धर्मशास्त्र जान्ने र विश्वास गर्ने यहूदीहरूले, यी दुई अध्यायले पिलातससमक्ष येशूले गर्नुभएको यस घोषणालाई पुष्टि गर्छन् भन्ने देख्न सक्छन्: “तिमीले ठीक भन्यौ, म राजा हुँ। यसैका निम्ति म जन्मेको हुँ, र यसैका निम्ति म संसारमा आएको हुँ” (यूहन्ना १८:३७)।
◆ evidence — proof, supporting facts, testimony — प्रमाण, पुष्टि गर्ने तथ्यहरू
◆ confirm — verify, establish, substantiate — पुष्टि गर्नु, प्रमाणित गर्नु
➤ Since Matthew’s purpose is to present Jesus as the Christ, the promised Messiah and King of the Jews, he begins his Gospel by tracing Jesus’ ancestry through Israel’s royal family.
मत्तीको उद्देश्य येशूलाई ख्रीष्ट अर्थात् प्रतिज्ञा गरिएका मसीह र यहूदीहरूका राजाको रूपमा प्रस्तुत गर्नु भएकाले उनले आफ्नो सुसमाचारको सुरुमा येशूको वंशावली इस्राएलको राजवंशसँग जोडिएको देखाउँछन्।
◆ ancestry — lineage, descent, family origin — वंशावली, पुर्ख्यौली सम्बन्ध
◆ royal family — royal house, dynasty, kingly family — राजपरिवार, राजवंश
➤ Before Jesus could be publicly proclaimed King, there had to be evidence that He came from the recognized royal family.
येशूलाई सार्वजनिक रूपमा राजा भनेर घोषणा गर्नुअघि उहाँ मान्यता प्राप्त राजपरिवारबाट आउनुभएको हो भन्ने प्रमाण आवश्यक थियो।
◆ proclaimed — announced, declared, heralded — घोषणा गरिएको, प्रचार गरिएको
◆ recognized — acknowledged, accepted, established — मान्यता प्राप्त, स्वीकार गरिएको
➤ The Messiah’s royal family line began with David.
मसीह आउनुहुने राजवंशको सुरुवात दाऊदबाट भएको थियो।
◆ royal family line — dynasty, royal lineage, kingly ancestry — राजवंश, राजकीय वंशपरम्परा
➤ Through the prophet Nathan, God promised David that one of his descendants would become the great King who would ultimately rule over Israel and establish His everlasting kingdom (2 Sam. 7:12-16).
अगमवक्ता नातानमार्फत परमेश्वरले दाऊदलाई उनका वंशजहरूमध्ये एक जना महान् राजा आउनुहुनेछ, जसले अन्ततः इस्राएलमाथि शासन गर्नुहुनेछ र आफ्नो अनन्त राज्य स्थापना गर्नुहुनेछ भनी प्रतिज्ञा गर्नुभयो (२ शमूएल ७:१२–१६)।
◆ descendants — offspring, heirs, posterity — वंशजहरू, सन्तानहरू
◆ ultimately — eventually, finally, in the end — अन्ततः, आखिरमा
◆ everlasting — eternal, unending, perpetual — अनन्त, सदासर्वदा रहने
➤ Neither Solomon, David’s son who succeeded him as king, nor any later king of Israel or Judah fulfilled that promise; therefore, the people continued waiting for another descendant of David to fulfill the prophecy.
दाऊदपछि राजा बनेका उनका छोरा सोलोमनले पनि त्यो प्रतिज्ञा पूरा गरेनन्, न त इस्राएल वा यहूदामा शासन गरेका पछिका कुनै राजाले नै गरे। त्यसैले मानिसहरूले त्यो भविष्यवाणी पूरा गर्नुहुने दाऊदका अर्का वंशजको प्रतीक्षा गरिरहे।
◆ succeeded — followed, inherited the throne, took over — उत्तराधिकारी बने, पछि सिंहासन सम्हाले
◆ fulfilled — accomplished, completed, realized — पूरा गरे, परिपूर्ति गरे
◆ prophecy — prediction, prophetic revelation — भविष्यवाणी, अगमवाणी
➤ When Jesus was born, the Jewish people were still expecting the promised King to come and restore the former glory of their kingdom.
येशू जन्मनुभएको समयमा पनि यहूदीहरू प्रतिज्ञा गरिएका राजाको आगमन र आफ्नो राज्यको पहिलेको महिमा पुनर्स्थापित हुने कुराको प्रतीक्षामा थिए।
◆ restore — reestablish, renew, bring back — पुनर्स्थापित गर्नु, फेरि कायम गर्नु
◆ former glory — previous greatness, earlier splendor — पहिलेको महिमा, विगतको वैभव
➤ However, the Jewish people had considered family ancestry important long before Israel began to have kings.
तर इस्राएलमा राजाहरूको शासन सुरु हुनुभन्दा धेरै अघिदेखि नै यहूदीहरूले पारिवारिक वंशावलीलाई महत्त्वपूर्ण ठान्थे।
◆ ancestry — genealogy, lineage, family descent — वंशावली, पुर्ख्यौली वंश
➤ After Joshua led Israel into Canaan and the people conquered the land God had promised, the territory was carefully divided among the tribes, except for Levi, the priestly tribe, which was assigned special cities.
यहोशूको नेतृत्वमा इस्राएलीहरू कनानमा प्रवेश गरी परमेश्वरले प्रतिज्ञा गर्नुभएको भूमि विजय गरेपछि त्यो भूमि प्रत्येक कुललाई सावधानीपूर्वक बाँडियो। तर पूजाहारीहरूको लेवी कुललाई भने विशेष सहरहरू छुट्याइए।
◆ conquered — defeated, subdued, took possession of — विजय गरे, आफ्नो अधीनमा लिए
◆ territory — region, land area, district — भूभाग, क्षेत्र
◆ assigned — allotted, designated, allocated — तोकिएको, छुट्याइएको
➤ Every Israelite family therefore needed to determine its tribe accurately in order to know where it was supposed to live (see Num. 26; 34-35).
त्यसैले प्रत्येक इस्राएली परिवारले आफू कहाँ बस्नुपर्ने हो भन्ने थाहा पाउन आफू कुन कुलको हो भनेर सही रूपमा पहिचान गर्नुपर्थ्यो (गन्ती २६; ३४–३५ हेर्नुहोस्)।
◆ determine — identify, establish, ascertain — निर्धारण गर्नु, पहिचान गर्नु
◆ accurately — correctly, precisely, exactly — सही रूपमा, ठ्याक्कै
➤ Likewise, a Levite had to prove that he descended from Levi before he could qualify to perform priestly duties.
त्यसैगरी, लेवी कुलका कुनै व्यक्तिले पूजाहारीको सेवा गर्न योग्य हुनुअघि आफू लेवीकै वंशज भएको प्रमाणित गर्नुपर्थ्यो।
◆ qualify — be eligible, meet requirements — योग्य हुनु, आवश्यक योग्यता पूरा गर्नु
◆ priestly duties — priestly responsibilities, sacred service — पूजाहारीको सेवा, पूजाहारीका कर्तव्यहरू
➤ After the Jews returned from exile in Babylon, certain descendants of priests were not permitted to serve because their ancestral records could not be found (Ezra 2:61-62).
यहूदीहरू बेबिलोनको निर्वासनबाट फर्केपछि पूजाहारीका केही वंशजहरूलाई सेवा गर्न अनुमति दिइएन, किनकि उनीहरूको पुर्ख्यौली अभिलेख फेला पार्न सकिएन (एज्रा २:६१–६२)।
◆ exile — banishment, deportation, captivity — निर्वासन, देशनिकाला
◆ ancestral records — genealogical registers, family documents — पुर्ख्यौली अभिलेखहरू, वंशावलीका कागजातहरू
➤ Accurate knowledge of family ancestry was also necessary when property was transferred from one person or family to another (see, e.g., Ruth 3-4).
सम्पत्तिको स्वामित्व एक व्यक्ति वा परिवारबाट अर्कोमा हस्तान्तरण गर्दा पनि पारिवारिक वंशावलीबारे सही जानकारी आवश्यक पर्थ्यो (उदाहरणका लागि रूथ ३–४ हेर्नुहोस्)।
◆ transferred — conveyed, handed over, passed on — हस्तान्तरण गरिएको, सुम्पिएको
➤ Even under Roman rule, the census of Jews in Palestine was based on tribal ancestry, as shown by Joseph and Mary being required to register in Bethlehem because Joseph belonged to David’s family (Luke 2:4).
रोमी शासनअन्तर्गत पनि प्यालेस्टाइनका यहूदीहरूको जनगणना कुलगत वंशावलीका आधारमा गरिन्थ्यो। योसेफ दाऊदको घरानाका भएकाले उनी र मरियमले बेथलेहेममा नाम दर्ता गर्नुपरेको घटनाले यही कुरा देखाउँछ (लूका २:४)।
◆ census — population count, enumeration — जनगणना, जनसंख्याको गणना
◆ tribal ancestry — tribal lineage, clan descent — कुलगत वंशावली, कुलको पुर्ख्यौली सम्बन्ध
➤ The Jewish historian Josephus tells us that many Jewish families during New Testament times carefully preserved detailed ancestral records that they considered extremely valuable.
यहूदी इतिहासकार जोसेफसका विवरणबाट हामी थाहा पाउँछौँ कि नयाँ करारको समयमा धेरै यहूदी परिवारहरूले आफ्ना पुर्खाहरूको विस्तृत अभिलेख सावधानीपूर्वक सुरक्षित राख्थे र ती अभिलेखहरूलाई अत्यन्त मूल्यवान् मान्थे।
◆ preserved — maintained, retained, kept safe — सुरक्षित राखे, जोगाएर राखे
◆ ancestral records — family archives, genealogical documents — पुर्ख्यौली अभिलेखहरू, वंशावलीका कागजातहरू
➤ Before his conversion, the apostle Paul placed great importance on his ancestry from the tribe of Benjamin (see Rom. 11:1; 2 Cor. 11:22; Phil. 3:5).
ख्रीष्टमा विश्वास गर्नुअघि प्रेरित पावलले आफू बिन्यामीनको कुलका वंशज भएको कुरालाई अत्यन्त महत्त्व दिन्थे (रोमी ११:१; २ कोरिन्थी ११:२२; फिलिप्पी ३:५ हेर्नुहोस्)।
◆ conversion — change of faith, spiritual transformation — विश्वासमा परिवर्तन, आत्मिक रूपान्तरण
➤ For the Jews, knowing their tribal identity and family line was extremely important.
यहूदीहरूका निम्ति आफ्नो कुलको पहिचान र पुर्ख्यौली वंशक्रम थाहा पाउनु अत्यन्त महत्त्वपूर्ण थियो।
◆ tribal identity — clan identity, tribal affiliation — कुलगत पहिचान, कुलसँगको सम्बन्ध
➤ It is both remarkable and important that, since the Temple was destroyed in A.D. 70, no genealogical records have remained that can establish the ancestry of any Jew living today.
सन् ७० मा मन्दिर नष्ट भएदेखि अहिले जीवित रहेका कुनै पनि यहूदीको पुर्ख्यौली वंश प्रमाणित गर्न सक्ने वंशावलीका अभिलेखहरू बाँकी छैनन् भन्ने कुरा रोचक र महत्त्वपूर्ण दुवै छ।
◆ genealogical records — ancestral registers, family histories — वंशावलीका अभिलेखहरू, पुर्ख्यौली विवरणहरू
◆ establish — verify, demonstrate, prove — प्रमाणित गर्नु, पुष्टि गर्नु
➤ The main significance of this is that Jews who are still waiting for the Messiah could never establish that a future claimant was descended from David.
यसको मुख्य महत्त्व के हो भने अझै मसीहको प्रतीक्षामा रहेका यहूदीहरूले भविष्यमा मसीह हुँ भनी दाबी गर्ने कुनै व्यक्ति दाऊदका वंशज हुन् भन्ने प्रमाणित गर्न सक्ने थिएनन्।
◆ significance — importance, meaning, implication — महत्त्व, निहितार्थ
◆ claimant — contender, person asserting a right — दाबेदार, अधिकारको दाबी गर्ने व्यक्ति
➤ Jesus Christ is therefore the last person whose claim to David’s throne and the messianic family line can be verified.
यसकारण येशू ख्रीष्ट दाऊदको सिंहासन र मसीही राजवंशमाथि आफ्नो अधिकार प्रमाणित गर्न सकिने अन्तिम दाबेदार हुनुहुन्छ।
◆ verified — confirmed, established, authenticated — प्रमाणित गरिएको, पुष्टि गरिएको
➤ Matthew traces the family line forward from Abraham through David and Joseph until he reaches Jesus, who is called Christ.
मत्तीले अब्राहामबाट सुरु गरेर दाऊद र योसेफ हुँदै ख्रीष्ट कहलिनुहुने येशूसम्मका पुस्ताहरूको वंशक्रम प्रस्तुत गर्छन्।
◆ family line — lineage, ancestry, descent — वंशावली, वंशपरम्परा
➤ Luke follows the opposite direction, beginning with Jesus and tracing His ancestry backward through David and Abraham all the way to Adam, who is called the son of God (Luke 3:23-38).
लूकाले भने यसको उल्टो क्रम अपनाउँछन्। उनी येशूबाट सुरु गरेर दाऊद र अब्राहाम हुँदै परमेश्वरका पुत्र भनिएका आदमसम्मका पुर्खाहरूको क्रम पछ्याउँछन् (लूका ३:२३–३८)।
◆ ancestry — lineage, genealogy, family descent — वंशावली, पुर्ख्यौली वंश
➤ Luke’s genealogy apparently follows Mary’s family line, since Eli in Luke 3:23 was probably Joseph’s father-in-law, who could also be called his father, and therefore Mary’s biological father.
लूकाको वंशावली सम्भवतः मरियमको पक्षबाट आएको हो। लूका ३:२३ मा उल्लेख गरिएका एली योसेफका ससुरा थिए भन्ने सम्भावना छ। त्यस समयमा ससुरालाई पनि पिता भनिन सक्ने भएकाले एली मरियमका जन्मदाता पिता थिए भन्ने बुझिन्छ।
◆ apparently — seemingly, presumably, evidently — सम्भवतः, देखिएअनुसार
◆ father-in-law — wife’s father, spouse’s father — ससुरा, पत्नीका पिता
➤ Matthew seeks to establish Jesus’ legal right to David’s throne by showing His descent through Joseph, who was His legal father even though he was not His biological father.
मत्तीले योसेफमार्फत येशूको वंश दाऊदसम्म पुग्छ भन्ने देखाएर दाऊदको सिंहासनमाथि उहाँको कानुनी अधिकार स्थापित गर्न चाहन्छन्। योसेफ येशूका जन्मदाता पिता नभए पनि उहाँका कानुनी पिता थिए।
◆ legal right — lawful entitlement, legitimate claim — कानुनी अधिकार, वैधानिक दाबी
◆ biological father — natural father, birth father — जन्मदाता पिता, जैविक पिता
➤ Luke’s purpose is to trace Jesus’ actual royal blood ancestry through His mother, thereby establishing His human descent from David.
लूकाको उद्देश्य येशूकी आमामार्फत उहाँको वास्तविक राजकीय रक्तवंश पछ्याउनु र यसरी उहाँ जन्मगत रूपमा दाऊदका वंशज हुनुहुन्छ भन्ने स्थापित गर्नु हो।
◆ blood ancestry — biological lineage, natural descent — रक्तवंश, जन्मगत वंशपरम्परा
◆ thereby — thus, consequently, by that means — यसरी, त्यसद्वारा
➤ Matthew follows David’s royal family line through Solomon, the son who succeeded David as king.
मत्तीले दाऊदपछि राजा बनेका उनका छोरा सोलोमनमार्फत राजवंशको क्रम पछ्याउँछन्।
◆ succeeded — followed, inherited the throne, took over — उत्तराधिकारी बने, पछि सिंहासन सम्हाले
➤ Luke follows another branch of David’s family through his son Nathan.
तर लूकाले दाऊदका अर्का छोरा नातानमार्फत उनको वंशको अर्को शाखा पछ्याउँछन्।
◆ branch — division, family line, subdivision — शाखा, वंशको छुट्टै भाग
➤ Therefore, Jesus was a descendant of David by blood through Mary and a legally recognized descendant of David through Joseph.
यसकारण येशू मरियममार्फत रक्तसम्बन्धले दाऊदका वंशज र योसेफमार्फत कानुनी रूपमा दाऊदका वंशज हुनुहुन्थ्यो।
◆ legally recognized — lawfully acknowledged, officially accepted — कानुनी रूपमा मान्यता प्राप्त, वैधानिक रूपमा स्वीकार गरिएको
➤ According to His genealogy, Jesus possessed all the qualifications necessary to occupy David’s throne.
वंशावलीका आधारमा येशूसँग दाऊदको सिंहासनमा बस्न आवश्यक पर्ने सबै योग्यताहरू थिए।
◆ qualifications — requirements, eligibility, credentials — योग्यताहरू, आवश्यक सर्तहरू
➤ Jesus’ virgin birth is especially important because He was conceived through divine power and, through that miracle, was protected from the royal disqualification connected with Joseph’s descent from Jeconiah (v. 12).
येशूको कन्याबाट भएको जन्म विशेष महत्त्वपूर्ण छ, किनकि उहाँ ईश्वरीय शक्तिद्वारा गर्भमा आउनुभएको थियो। त्यही आश्चर्यकर्मले उहाँलाई योसेफ यकोनियाहका वंशज भएकाले उत्पन्न हुने राजकीय अयोग्यताबाट पनि जोगायो (पद १२)।
◆ conceived — formed in the womb, brought into pregnancy — गर्भमा आउनुभएको, गर्भधारण भएको
◆ disqualification — ineligibility, exclusion, loss of qualification — अयोग्यता, अधिकारबाट वञ्चित हुने अवस्था
➤ Because Jeconiah, also called Jehoiachin or Coniah, was wicked, God declared that although he belonged to David’s family, none of his descendants would prosper by ruling Judah from David’s throne (Jer. 22:30).
यकोनियाह, जसलाई यहोयाकीन वा कोनियाह पनि भनिन्छ, दुष्ट भएकाले परमेश्वरले उनी दाऊदको वंशका भए तापनि उनका कुनै पनि वंशजले दाऊदको सिंहासनमा बसेर यहूदामा सफलतापूर्वक शासन गर्न सक्नेछैन भनी घोषणा गर्नुभयो (यर्मिया २२:३०)।
◆ wicked — evil, sinful, morally corrupt — दुष्ट, पापपूर्ण
◆ prosper — succeed, flourish, thrive — सफल हुनु, उन्नति गर्नु
➤ If Jesus had been Joseph’s biological son, that judgment against Jeconiah’s descendants would have prevented Jesus from having the right to become King.
येशू योसेफका जन्मदाता छोरा हुनुभएको भए यकोनियाहका वंशजहरूमाथि आएको त्यस न्यायले उहाँलाई राजा हुने अधिकारबाट वञ्चित गर्ने थियो।
◆ judgment — sentence, condemnation, divine decree — न्याय, दण्डको घोषणा
◆ prevented — barred, excluded, precluded — रोकेको, वञ्चित गरेको
➤ Jesus’ legal claim through David’s family came by way of Jeconiah to Joseph because royal descent was traditionally traced through the father.
राजकीय वंशपरम्परा परम्परागत रूपमा पितामार्फत गणना गरिने भएकाले येशूको दाऊदसँगको कानुनी वंशसम्बन्ध यकोनियाह हुँदै योसेफसम्म आइपुगेको थियो।
◆ traditionally — customarily, conventionally, historically — परम्परागत रूपमा, प्रचलनअनुसार
➤ However, His actual blood descent and His human right to rule came through Mary, who did not belong to Jeconiah’s family line.
तर उहाँको वास्तविक रक्तवंश र मानिसका रूपमा शासन गर्ने अधिकार मरियममार्फत आएको थियो, जो यकोनियाहको वंशकी थिइनन्।
◆ blood descent — biological lineage, natural ancestry — रक्तवंश, जन्मगत वंशपरम्परा
➤ In this way, the curse upon Jeconiah’s descendants was avoided without losing the royal right to David’s throne.
यसरी दाऊदको सिंहासनमाथिको राजकीय अधिकार कायम राख्दै यकोनियाहका वंशजहरूमाथिको श्रापबाट जोगिन सम्भव भयो।
◆ avoided — escaped, bypassed, circumvented — जोगिएको, प्रभावबाट बचिएको
◆ royal right — royal privilege, kingly entitlement — राजकीय अधिकार, राजकीय विशेषाधिकार
Matthew 1:1 — The Name and Royal Identity of Jesus
➤ The book of the genealogy of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham. (1:1)
➤ The Greek word biblos, translated as “book,” can also mean a written account or record, which is how it is used here.
“पुस्तक” भनेर अनुवाद गरिएको ग्रीक शब्द बिब्लोस ले लिखित विवरण वा अभिलेखलाई पनि जनाउन सक्छ, र यहाँ यही अर्थमा प्रयोग भएको छ।
◆ written account — record, document, written report — लिखित विवरण, अभिलेख
➤ Matthew presents a brief record of Jesus Christ’s genealogy, using the word genesis, which refers to a beginning or origin.
मत्तीले येशू ख्रीष्टको वंशावलीको संक्षिप्त विवरण प्रस्तुत गर्छन्। यहाँ प्रयोग भएको जेनेसिस शब्दले सुरुवात वा उत्पत्तिलाई जनाउँछ।
◆ genealogy — ancestry, lineage, family history — वंशावली, पुर्ख्यौली विवरण
◆ origin — beginning, source, starting point — उत्पत्ति, आरम्भ
➤ The name Jesus is the Greek equivalent of the Hebrew names Jeshua or Jehoshua and means “Jehovah (Yahweh) saves.”
येशू नाम हिब्रूका येशूआ वा यहोशूआ नामहरूको ग्रीक समकक्षी हो, जसको अर्थ “यहोवा (याह्वे) ले बचाउनुहुन्छ” भन्ने हो।
◆ equivalent — counterpart, corresponding form, equal expression — समकक्षी, समान अर्थ भएको रूप
➤ The angel told Joseph to give this name to the Son miraculously conceived in Mary, the woman engaged to him, because this Son would truly save His people from their sins (Matt. 1:21).
स्वर्गदूतले योसेफलाई उनीसँग मगनी भएकी मरियमको गर्भमा आश्चर्यपूर्ण रूपमा आउनुभएका पुत्रको नाम यही राख्न भने, किनकि उहाँले आफ्ना मानिसहरूलाई तिनीहरूका पापबाट साँच्चै बचाउनुहुने थियो (मत्ती १:२१)।
◆ miraculously — supernaturally, extraordinarily, wondrously — आश्चर्यपूर्ण रूपमा, अलौकिक रूपमा
◆ betrothed — engaged, promised in marriage — मगनी भएकी, विवाहका निम्ति वचनबद्ध
➤ The Greek title Christos, or Christ, comes from the Hebrew term for Messiah and means “the Anointed One.”
ग्रीक उपाधि क्रिस्तोस अर्थात् ख्रीष्ट, मसीह जनाउने हिब्रू शब्दको समकक्षी हो र यसको अर्थ “अभिषिक्त जन” हो।
◆ title — designation, appellation, name of office — उपाधि, पदवी
◆ anointed — consecrated, appointed, set apart — अभिषिक्त, विशेष सेवाका निम्ति अलग गरिएको
➤ In Israel, prophets, priests, and kings were anointed, and Jesus was anointed to fulfill all three roles.
इस्राएलमा अगमवक्ता, पूजाहारी र राजाहरूलाई अभिषेक गरिन्थ्यो, र येशू यी तीनै भूमिकाहरू पूरा गर्न अभिषिक्त हुनुभएको थियो।
◆ anointed — consecrated, commissioned, appointed — अभिषिक्त, विशेष सेवाका निम्ति नियुक्त
◆ roles — offices, functions, responsibilities — भूमिकाहरू, जिम्मेवारीहरू
➤ Jesus was the promised Anointed One, the Messiah whom the Jewish people had long expected to come as their great deliverer and King.
येशू प्रतिज्ञा गरिएका अभिषिक्त जन अर्थात् मसीह हुनुहुन्थ्यो, जसलाई यहूदीहरूले आफ्ना महान् उद्धारकर्ता र राजाका रूपमा लामो समयदेखि प्रतीक्षा गरिरहेका थिए।
◆ deliverer — rescuer, liberator, savior — उद्धारकर्ता, छुटकारा दिने व्यक्ति
➤ Nevertheless, many Jews did not recognize Jesus as the Messiah because of their unbelief and misunderstanding of the Scriptures.
तैपनि अविश्वास र धर्मशास्त्रलाई गलत रूपमा बुझेका कारण धेरै यहूदीहरूले येशूलाई मसीहका रूपमा स्वीकार गरेनन्।
◆ unbelief — disbelief, lack of faith, rejection of belief — अविश्वास, विश्वासको अभाव
◆ misunderstanding — misinterpretation, misconception, wrong understanding — गलत बुझाइ, गलत व्याख्या
➤ Some rejected Jesus simply because they were familiar with His parents.
कतिपयले येशूका आमाबुबालाई चिनेका थिए भन्ने कारणले नै उहाँलाई अस्वीकार गरे।
◆ rejected — refused, dismissed, turned away — अस्वीकार गरे, तिरस्कार गरे
➤ When Jesus returned to Nazareth and taught in the synagogue, the people were amazed by His wisdom and miraculous powers, but they questioned how someone they knew as the carpenter’s son, Mary’s son, and the brother of James, Joseph, Simon, Judas, and His sisters could possess such abilities (Matt. 13:54-56).
येशू नासरत फर्केर सभाघरमा सिकाउनुहुँदा मानिसहरू उहाँको बुद्धि र आश्चर्यकर्म गर्ने सामर्थ्य देखेर छक्क परे। तर उनीहरूले सिकर्मीका छोरा, मरियमका पुत्र, याकूब, योसेफ, सिमोन र यहूदाका भाइ तथा आफ्नै बीचमा रहेका दिदीबहिनीहरूका दाजुभाइ भनेर चिनेका व्यक्तिसँग यस्तो सामर्थ्य कसरी हुन सक्छ भनी प्रश्न गरे (मत्ती १३:५४–५६)।
◆ synagogue — Jewish assembly, Jewish place of worship — यहूदी सभाघर, यहूदी आराधनास्थल
◆ miraculous — supernatural, extraordinary, wondrous — आश्चर्यपूर्ण, अलौकिक
➤ On another occasion, people in Jerusalem questioned whether their rulers had recognized Jesus as the Messiah, since they knew where He came from but believed that no one would know the Messiah’s origin (John 7:26-27).
अर्को अवसरमा यरूशलेमका मानिसहरूले आफ्ना शासकहरूले येशूलाई मसीहका रूपमा चिनेका हुन् कि भनेर प्रश्न गरे। उनीहरूलाई येशू कहाँबाट आउनुभएको हो भन्ने थाहा थियो, तर मसीह कहाँबाट आउनुहुने हो भन्ने कसैलाई थाहा नहुने विश्वास गर्थे (यूहन्ना ७:२६–२७)।
◆ rulers — authorities, leaders, governing officials — शासकहरू, अधिकारप्राप्त अगुवाहरू
◆ origin — source, birthplace, place of beginning — उत्पत्तिस्थान, आउने ठाउँ
➤ Soon afterward, some people in the crowd identified Jesus as the Prophet, others called Him the Christ, and still others questioned whether the Christ could come from Galilee (John 7:40-41).
त्यसको केही समयपछि भीडका केही मानिसहरूले येशूलाई अगमवक्ता भने, अरूले उहाँलाई ख्रीष्ट भने, र अझ अरूले ख्रीष्ट गालीलबाट आउन सक्नुहुन्छ र भन्ने प्रश्न उठाए (यूहन्ना ७:४०–४१)।
◆ identified — recognized, acknowledged, described — पहिचान गरे, स्वीकार गरे
➤ Others who understood the Scriptures better but did not know Jesus’ ancestry or birthplace pointed out that the Messiah was supposed to descend from David and come from Bethlehem, David’s town (v. 42).
धर्मशास्त्र अझ राम्ररी बुझेका तर येशूको वंश र जन्मस्थानबारे थाहा नभएका अरू मानिसहरूले मसीह दाऊदको वंशबाट र दाऊदको सहर बेथलेहेमबाट आउनुपर्ने कुरा धर्मशास्त्रमा लेखिएको छ भनी औँल्याए (पद ४२)।
◆ ancestry — descent, lineage, genealogy — वंश, वंशावली
◆ birthplace — place of birth, native place — जन्मस्थान, जन्म भएको ठाउँ
➤ Matthew’s genealogy therefore establishes that the Messiah came from Israel’s royal family.
यसकारण मत्तीको वंशावलीले मसीह इस्राएलको राजपरिवारबाट आउनुभएको हो भन्ने कुरा स्थापित गर्छ।
◆ establishes — proves, confirms, demonstrates — प्रमाणित गर्छ, स्थापित गर्छ
➤ Matthew does not want his readers to become distracted by studying each person’s life separately; instead, he wants them to recognize that the whole genealogy demonstrates Christ’s royal identity.
मत्तीले पाठकहरूलाई वंशावलीमा भएका हरेक व्यक्तिको जीवन छुट्टाछुट्टै अध्ययन गर्नतिर विषयान्तर गराउन चाहेका होइनन्। बरु सम्पूर्ण वंशावलीले ख्रीष्टको राजकीय पहिचान प्रमाणित गर्छ भन्ने कुरा उनीहरूले बुझून् भन्ने उनको उद्देश्य हो।
◆ distracted — diverted, sidetracked, drawn away — मुख्य विषयबाट मोडिएको, अल्झिएको
◆ royal identity — kingly status, royal standing — राजकीय पहिचान, राजाको हैसियत
THE GRACIOUS KING
अनुग्रही राजा
➤ Even so, Matthew’s genealogy teaches us more than simply the names of Jesus’ ancestors.
तैपनि मत्तीको वंशावलीले येशूका पुर्खाहरूको नाम मात्र होइन, त्यसभन्दा बढी कुरा सिकाउँछ।
➤ It also gives us beautiful examples of God’s grace.
यसले परमेश्वरको अनुग्रहका सुन्दर उदाहरणहरू पनि प्रस्तुत गर्छ।
➤ The God who is full of grace sent Jesus to be a King who would show grace.
अनुग्रहले भरिपूर्ण परमेश्वरले येशूलाई अनुग्रह देखाउने राजाका रूपमा पठाउनुभयो।
➤ Jesus would not rule as a King characterized by strict law and harsh force, but as a King characterized by grace.
येशू कठोर व्यवस्था र बलप्रयोगद्वारा शासन गर्ने राजा होइन, तर अनुग्रहद्वारा चिनिने राजा हुनुहुने थियो।
◆ characterized by — marked by, distinguished by, defined by — त्यसैद्वारा चिनिने, विशेषता भएको
◆ harsh force — severe power, oppressive force, coercion — कठोर बलप्रयोग, दमनकारी शक्ति
➤ Even the evidence establishing His royal qualifications shows the grace associated with His kingship.
येशूको राजकीय योग्यता प्रमाणित गर्ने आधारहरूले समेत उहाँको राजकीय अनुग्रह प्रकट गर्छन्।
◆ qualifications — credentials, eligibility, requirements — योग्यता, अधिकार पुष्टि गर्ने प्रमाणहरू
◆ kingship — royal authority, sovereignty, monarchy — राजसत्ता, राजकीय अधिकार
➤ The people God chose to become Jesus’ ancestors reveal how wonderful His grace is and provide hope for every sinner.
परमेश्वरले येशूका पुर्खा हुन छान्नुभएका मानिसहरूले उहाँको अनुग्रह कति अद्भुत छ भन्ने देखाउँछन् र हरेक पापीलाई आशा दिन्छन्।
◆ ancestors — forefathers, predecessors, progenitors — पुर्खाहरू, पूर्वजहरू
➤ Matthew’s genealogy reveals the gracious nature of Jesus the King and of the God who sent Him in four different ways.
मत्तीको वंशावलीले राजा येशू र उहाँलाई पठाउनुहुने परमेश्वरको अनुग्रही स्वभाव चार फरक तरिकाले प्रकट गर्छ।
◆ gracious nature — merciful character, kindly disposition — अनुग्रही स्वभाव, कृपालु स्वभाव
➤ These four examples will be considered in a logical order rather than in the order in which the events occurred historically.
यी चार उदाहरणहरूलाई घटनाहरू भएको ऐतिहासिक समयक्रमअनुसार होइन, तर विषयगत रूपमा मिल्ने तार्किक क्रमअनुसार अध्ययन गरिनेछ।
◆ logical — reasonable, orderly, systematic — तार्किक, क्रमबद्ध
◆ chronological — time-ordered, sequential, historical — समयक्रमअनुसार, ऐतिहासिक क्रमअनुसार
THE GRACE OF GOD SEEN IN THE CHOICE OF ONE WOMAN
एक महिलालाई छान्नुमा देखिएको परमेश्वरको अनुग्रह
➤ And to Jacob was born Joseph the husband of Mary, by whom was born Jesus, who is called Christ. (1:16)
➤ God demonstrated His grace toward Mary by choosing her to become the mother of Jesus.
परमेश्वरले मरियमलाई येशूकी आमा हुन छान्नुभएर उनीप्रति आफ्नो अनुग्रह प्रकट गर्नुभयो।
◆ demonstrated — showed, revealed, displayed — देखाउनुभयो, प्रकट गर्नुभयो
➤ Although Mary belonged to David’s royal family line, she was an ordinary young woman who was not widely known.
मरियम दाऊदको राजवंशकी भए तापनि उनी एक साधारण र धेरै मानिसहरूले नचिनेकी युवती थिइन्।
◆ royal family line — royal ancestry, dynasty, kingly lineage — राजवंश, राजकीय वंशपरम्परा
➤ Contrary to the claim that Mary herself was miraculously conceived without sin in her mother’s womb, she was a sinner just like every other human being who has ever been born.
मरियम आफैँ आफ्नी आमाको गर्भमा आश्चर्यपूर्ण रूपमा र पापरहित अवस्थामा गर्भधारण भएकी थिइन् भन्ने दाबीको विपरीत उनी पनि संसारमा जन्मेका अरू सबै मानिसहरूजस्तै पापी थिइन्।
◆ contrary to — opposed to, against, in contrast to — विपरीत, विरुद्ध
◆ immaculate conception — sinless conception, conception free from original sin — निष्कलङ्क गर्भधारण, आदिपापरहित गर्भधारण
➤ Mary was probably more upright morally and more devoted spiritually than most people of her time, but she was not completely free from sin.
मरियम नैतिक आचरण र आत्मिक जीवनमा सम्भवतः आफ्नो समयका अधिकांश मानिसहरूभन्दा धेरै असल थिइन्, तर उनी पूर्ण रूपमा पापरहित थिइनन्।
◆ upright — honorable, virtuous, morally good — सदाचारी, नैतिक रूपमा असल
◆ devoted — dedicated, committed, faithful — समर्पित, निष्ठावान्
➤ She was deeply devoted and faithful to the Lord, as shown by her humble and obedient response to the angel’s announcement (Luke 1:38).
मरियम प्रभुप्रति गहिरो भक्ति र विश्वास राख्ने महिला थिइन्। स्वर्गदूतको घोषणाप्रति उनले नम्रता र आज्ञाकारितासाथ दिएको प्रतिक्रियाले यो कुरा देखाउँछ (लूका १:३८)।
◆ devout — pious, dedicated, deeply religious — भक्तिपूर्ण, परमेश्वरप्रति समर्पित
◆ submissive — obedient, yielding, willing to obey — आज्ञाकारी, समर्पित
➤ Mary herself admitted that she needed a Savior when she began her song of praise, often called the Magnificat, by glorifying the Lord and rejoicing in God as her Savior, who had shown concern for His humble servant (Luke 1:46-48).
मरियमले आफूलाई मुक्तिदाताको आवश्यकता छ भन्ने कुरा आफ्नै प्रशंसाको गीतको सुरुमै स्वीकार गरिन्। म्याग्निफिकाट भनिने त्यस गीतमा उनले प्रभुको महिमा गरिन् र आफ्नी नम्र दासीमाथि कृपादृष्टि राख्नुहुने परमेश्वरलाई आफ्ना मुक्तिदाता भन्दै उहाँमा आनन्द व्यक्त गरिन् (लूका १:४६–४८)।
◆ acknowledged — admitted, recognized, confessed — स्वीकार गरिन्, मानेकी थिइन्
◆ Magnificat — Mary’s song of praise, Mary’s hymn of thanksgiving — मरियमको प्रशंसाको गीत, मरियमको धन्यवादको भजन
◆ bondslave — bondservant, servant, one bound to serve — दासी, सेवामा समर्पित व्यक्ति
➤ The teachings that Mary shares Christ’s work as a co-redeemer or serves alongside Him as a co-mediator are entirely contrary to Scripture and were never part of the early church’s doctrine.
मरियम ख्रीष्टसँगै सह-उद्धारकर्त्री र सह-मध्यस्थकर्त्रीका रूपमा काम गर्छिन् भन्ने शिक्षाहरू पूर्ण रूपमा धर्मशास्त्रविपरीत छन् र ती प्रारम्भिक मण्डलीका सिद्धान्तका कहिल्यै भाग थिएनन्।
◆ co-redemptrix — co-redeemer, partner in redemption — सह-उद्धारकर्त्री, उद्धारमा सहभागी मानिएकी व्यक्ति
◆ co-mediator — joint mediator, fellow intercessor — सह-मध्यस्थकर्त्री, मध्यस्थताको काममा सहभागी व्यक्ति
◆ doctrine — teaching, belief, theological principle — सिद्धान्त, धार्मिक शिक्षा
➤ Those false teachings entered the church several centuries later through adaptations of pagan legends that began in the Babylonian mystery religions.
ती झूटा शिक्षाहरू बेबिलोनी रहस्यवादी धर्महरूमा उत्पन्न भएका मूर्तिपूजक किंवदन्तीहरूलाई अनुकूल बनाएर अपनाइँदा धेरै शताब्दीपछि मण्डलीभित्र प्रवेश गरे।
◆ heretical — doctrinally false, unorthodox, contrary to accepted teaching — विधर्मी, धार्मिक सिद्धान्तविपरीत
◆ adaptations — modifications, adjustments, altered forms — रूपान्तरणहरू, अनुकूल बनाइएका स्वरूपहरू
◆ pagan legends — heathen myths, polytheistic stories — मूर्तिपूजक किंवदन्तीहरू, गैरबाइबलीय धार्मिक कथाहरू
➤ Nimrod, the grandson of Ham, who was one of Noah’s three sons, founded the important cities of Babel or Babylon, Erech, Accad, Calneh, and Nineveh (Gen. 10:10-11).
नूहका तीन छोरामध्ये एक हामका नाति निम्रोदले बाबेल अर्थात् बेबिलोन, एरेक, अक्काद, कल्ने र निनवे नामका महत्त्वपूर्ण सहरहरू स्थापना गरे (उत्पत्ति १०:१०–११)।
◆ founded — established, created, set up — स्थापना गरे, बसाले
➤ The first organized system of idol worship began at Babel with the building of the tower there.
बाबेलमा धरहरा निर्माण गरिँदा त्यहीँबाट मूर्तिपूजाको पहिलो संगठित प्रणाली सुरु भएको थियो।
◆ idolatry — idol worship, worship of false gods — मूर्तिपूजा, झूटा देवताहरूको आराधना
➤ Nimrod’s wife, Semiramis, became the first leading female priest of idol worship, and Babylon became the original source of all evil religious systems.
निम्रोदकी पत्नी सेमिरामिस मूर्तिपूजाकी पहिलो प्रधान पूजाहारिनी बनिन्, र बेबिलोन सबै दुष्ट धार्मिक प्रणालीहरूको मूल स्रोत बन्यो।
◆ high priestess — chief female priest, principal priestess — प्रधान पूजाहारिनी, प्रमुख महिला पूजाहारी
◆ fountainhead — source, origin, starting point — मूल स्रोत, उत्पत्तिस्थान
➤ In the last days, the woman described as the great prostitute will have a name written on her forehead identifying her as great Babylon, the mother of prostitutes and of the earth’s detestable practices (Rev. 17:5).
अन्तिम दिनहरूमा महान् वेश्या भनेर वर्णन गरिएकी स्त्रीको निधारमा उनलाई महान् बेबिलोन, वेश्याहरू र पृथ्वीका घृणित कामहरूकी आमा भनेर चिनाउने नाम लेखिएको हुनेछ (प्रकाश १७:५)।
◆ harlot — prostitute, woman engaged in prostitution — वेश्या, देहव्यापार गर्ने स्त्री
◆ abominations — detestable acts, vile practices, repulsive things — घृणित कामहरू, अत्यन्त निन्दनीय कार्यहरू
➤ After Babylon was destroyed, its leading pagan priest escaped to Pergamum, also called Pergamos and described in Revelation as the place where Satan’s throne is, before later going to Rome (Rev. 2:13).
बेबिलोन नष्ट भएपछि त्यहाँका प्रमुख मूर्तिपूजक पूजाहारी पर्गामम अर्थात् पर्गामोसमा भागे। प्रकाश २:१३ मा त्यस ठाउँलाई शैतानको सिंहासन भएको स्थान भनिएको छ। त्यसपछि उनी रोम गए।
◆ pagan — heathen, idol-worshiping, polytheistic — मूर्तिपूजक, अन्य देवताहरूको पूजा गर्ने
◆ fled — escaped, ran away, took refuge — भागे, शरण लिन गए
➤ By the fourth century A.D., many practices connected with Rome’s worship of numerous gods had entered the church.
ख्रीष्टाब्द चौथो शताब्दीसम्ममा रोमको बहुदेववादी धर्मका धेरै प्रथाहरू मण्डलीभित्र प्रवेश गरिसकेका थिए।
◆ polytheistic — believing in many gods, worshiping multiple deities — बहुदेववादी, धेरै देवताहरू मान्ने
➤ The ideas of Lent, Mary’s immaculate conception, and calling Mary the queen of heaven originated from that religious source.
लेन्ट, मरियमको निष्कलङ्क गर्भधारण र मरियमलाई स्वर्गकी रानी भन्ने धारणाहरूको उत्पत्ति त्यही धार्मिक स्रोतबाट भएको थियो।
◆ Lent — pre-Easter fasting season, penitential season — इस्टरअघिको उपवासकाल, पश्चात्तापको समय
◆ originated — arose, began, came into existence — उत्पत्ति भयो, सुरु भयो
➤ According to those pagan legends, Semiramis was miraculously conceived through a beam of sunlight, while her son Tammuz was killed and later raised from the dead after his mother fasted for forty days, which was presented as the origin of Lent.
ती मूर्तिपूजक किंवदन्तीहरूअनुसार सेमिरामिस सूर्यको किरणद्वारा आश्चर्यपूर्ण रूपमा गर्भमा आएकी थिइन्। उनका छोरा तम्मूज मारिएपछि उनकी आमाले चालीस दिन उपवास बसेको फलस्वरूप उनी मृतकबाट जीवित भएका थिए, र यसैलाई लेन्टको उत्पत्ति मानिएको थियो।
◆ sunbeam — ray of sunlight, shaft of sunlight — सूर्यको किरण, घामको किरण
◆ raised from the dead — brought back to life, resurrected — मृतकबाट जीवित पारिएको, पुनर्जीवित गरिएको
➤ Similar versions of these legends appeared in corresponding religions throughout the ancient world.
यस्ता किंवदन्तीहरूसँग मिल्दाजुल्दा कथाहरू प्राचीन संसारका विभिन्न समानान्तर धर्महरूमा पनि पाइन्थे।
◆ counterpart — equivalent, corresponding form, parallel — समकक्षी, समानान्तर
➤ Semiramis was known by several other names, including Ashtoreth, Isis, Aphrodite, Venus, and Ishtar.
सेमिरामिसलाई अश्तोरेत, आइसिस, अफ्रोडाइट, भेनस र इश्तारलगायत विभिन्न नामहरूले पनि चिनिन्थ्यो।
➤ Tammuz was also known by the names Baal, Osiris, Eros, and Cupid.
तम्मूजलाई पनि बाल, ओसिरिस, इरोस र क्युपिड नामहरूले चिनिन्थ्यो।
➤ Those pagan religious systems had already corrupted Israel many centuries before Christ came.
ख्रीष्ट आउनुभन्दा धेरै शताब्दीअघि नै ती मूर्तिपूजक धार्मिक प्रणालीहरूले इस्राएललाई भ्रष्ट बनाइसकेका थिए।
◆ corrupted — defiled, contaminated, morally damaged — भ्रष्ट बनाए, दूषित पारे
➤ The wicked and rebellious Israelites living in exile in Egypt insisted on turning to Ishtar, whom they called the queen of heaven (Jer. 44:17-19; cf. 7:18).
मिश्रदेशमा निर्वासनमा रहेका दुष्ट र विद्रोही इस्राएलीहरूले स्वर्गकी रानी भनिने इश्तारको आराधना गर्नमै जिद्दी गरे (यर्मिया ४४:१७–१९; तुलना गर्नुहोस् ७:१८)।
◆ rebellious — defiant, disobedient, resisting authority — विद्रोही, अनाज्ञाकारी
◆ insisted — persisted, demanded, firmly maintained — जिद्दी गरे, अडान लिए
➤ While Ezekiel was living in exile in Babylon with other Jews, the Lord showed him a vision of the detestable practices some Israelites were carrying out even inside the Temple in Jerusalem, including weeping for Tammuz (Ezek. 8:13-14).
इजकिएल अरू यहूदीहरूसँग बेबिलोनमा निर्वासनमा हुँदा परमप्रभुले उनलाई यरूशलेमको मन्दिरभित्र समेत केही इस्राएलीहरूले गरिरहेका घृणित कामहरूको दर्शन दिनुभयो। ती कामहरूमा तम्मूजका निम्ति विलाप गर्नु पनि समावेश थियो (इजकिएल ८:१३–१४)।
◆ vision — revelation, supernatural sight, divine disclosure — दर्शन, ईश्वरीय प्रकाश
◆ detestable — abominable, repulsive, vile — घृणित, अत्यन्त निन्दनीय
➤ These practices reveal some of the beginnings of the mother-and-child worship system that later drew Mary into its influence.
यी प्रथाहरूले आमा र बालकको पूजापद्धतिको उत्पत्तिका केही पक्षहरू देखाउँछन्, जसको प्रभावमा पछि मरियमलाई पनि समावेश गरियो।
◆ cult — religious sect, devotional group, worship system — धार्मिक सम्प्रदाय, विशेष पूजापद्धति
◆ influence — effect, sway, control — प्रभाव, असर
➤ The Bible describes Mary only as someone who received grace from the Lord, not as someone who possessed grace independently of Him.
बाइबलले मरियमलाई प्रभुबाट अनुग्रह प्राप्त गर्ने व्यक्तिका रूपमा मात्र प्रस्तुत गर्छ; उनीसँग प्रभुबाट अलग्गै आफ्नै अनुग्रह थियो भनेर बताउँदैन।
◆ independently — separately, autonomously, on one’s own — स्वतन्त्र रूपमा, अलग्गै
➤ Mary received grace; she was never the source from which grace was given to others.
मरियम अनुग्रह प्राप्त गर्ने व्यक्ति थिइन्; उनी अरूलाई अनुग्रह प्रदान गर्ने स्रोत कहिल्यै थिइनन्।
◆ recipient — receiver, beneficiary — प्राप्तकर्ता, ग्रहण गर्ने व्यक्ति
◆ dispenser — distributor, giver, provider — बाँड्ने व्यक्ति, प्रदान गर्ने स्रोत
➤ The expression translated as “favored one” in Luke 1:28 literally means a person who has been given grace.
लूका १:२८ मा “अनुग्रह पाएकी” भनी अनुवाद गरिएको अभिव्यक्तिको शाब्दिक अर्थ अनुग्रह प्रदान गरिएको व्यक्ति हो।
◆ literal — exact, word-for-word, direct — शाब्दिक, शब्दशः
◆ endued — endowed, furnished, provided with — प्रदान गरिएको, सम्पन्न बनाइएको
➤ Like every other person belonging to fallen humanity, Mary needed God’s grace and salvation.
पापमा पतित मानवजातिका अरू सबै मानिसहरूजस्तै मरियमलाई पनि परमेश्वरको अनुग्रह र मुक्तिको आवश्यकता थियो।
◆ fallen humanity — sinful mankind, humanity affected by sin — पतित मानवजाति, पापले प्रभावित मानवजाति
◆ salvation — redemption, deliverance, rescue — मुक्ति, उद्धार
➤ That is why she expressed joy in God as her own Savior (Luke 1:47).
यसैकारण मरियमले परमेश्वरलाई आफ्ना मुक्तिदाता भन्दै उहाँमा आनन्द व्यक्त गरिन् (लूका १:४७)।
➤ Being chosen to give birth to Jesus meant that Mary received an exceptional measure of the Lord’s grace, but she herself was never a source of grace.
येशूलाई जन्म दिन चुनिएकाले मरियमले प्रभुको अनुग्रह विशेष रूपमा प्राप्त गरिन्, तर उनी आफैँ अनुग्रहको स्रोत कहिल्यै थिइनन्।
◆ exceptional — extraordinary, remarkable, unusual — असाधारण, विशेष
➤ Through His grace, God chose a woman who was herself a sinner and granted her the unequaled privilege of giving birth to the Messiah.
परमेश्वरले आफ्नो अनुग्रहद्वारा आफैँ पापी भएकी एक महिलालाई छान्नुभयो र उनलाई मसीहलाई जन्म दिने अतुलनीय विशेषाधिकार प्रदान गर्नुभयो।
◆ unequaled — unmatched, incomparable, unparalleled — अतुलनीय, बेजोड
◆ privilege — honor, special right, distinction — विशेषाधिकार, सम्मान
THE GRACE OF GOD SEEN IN THE DESCENDANTS OF TWO MEN
दुई पुरुषका वंशजहरूमा देखिएको परमेश्वरको अनुग्रह
➤ The book of the genealogy of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham. (1:1)
➤ Although Abraham and David were both sinners, God’s grace allowed them to become ancestors of Jesus Christ, the promised Messiah.
अब्राहाम र दाऊद दुवै पापी भए तापनि परमेश्वरको अनुग्रहद्वारा उनीहरू प्रतिज्ञा गरिएका मसीह येशू ख्रीष्टका पुर्खा बने।
◆ ancestors — forefathers, predecessors, progenitors — पुर्खाहरू, पूर्वजहरू
➤ David committed the serious sin of adultery with Bathsheba and made that sin even worse by arranging for her husband, Uriah, to be killed so that he could marry her.
दाऊदले बतशेबासँग व्यभिचार गरेर गम्भीर पाप गरे। त्यसपछि बतशेबासँग विवाह गर्न सकून् भनेर उनका पति उरियाहलाई मराउने व्यवस्था मिलाएर उनले आफ्नो पापलाई अझ गम्भीर बनाए।
◆ adultery — marital unfaithfulness, extramarital relations — व्यभिचार, वैवाहिक बेइमानी
◆ compounded — aggravated, intensified, made worse — अझ बढाए, थप गम्भीर बनाए
➤ As a warrior, David had killed countless men, and for that reason God did not permit him to build the Temple (1 Chron. 22:8).
योद्धाका रूपमा दाऊदले असङ्ख्य मानिसहरू मारेका थिए, र त्यही कारणले परमेश्वरले उनलाई मन्दिर निर्माण गर्न अनुमति दिनुभएन (१ इतिहास २२:८)।
◆ warrior — soldier, fighter, combatant — योद्धा, लडाकु
◆ countless — innumerable, numberless, very many — असङ्ख्य, गन्न नसकिने
➤ David was also an example of a poor father because he failed to discipline his children, and one of his sons, Absalom, even tried to seize his father’s throne through an armed rebellion.
दाऊद आफ्ना छोराछोरीलाई अनुशासनमा राख्न असफल भएकाले कमजोर पिताको उदाहरण पनि बने। उनका छोरा अब्शालोमले त सशस्त्र विद्रोह गरेर आफ्नै पिताको सिंहासन हडप्ने प्रयाससमेत गरे।
◆ discipline — correct, train, enforce order — अनुशासनमा राख्नु, सुधार्नु
◆ usurp — seize, take unlawfully, appropriate — जबरजस्ती हडप्नु, अवैध रूपमा कब्जा गर्नु
◆ armed rebellion — violent uprising, military revolt — सशस्त्र विद्रोह, हतियारसहितको बगावत
➤ Although Abraham was a man of great faith, he lied about his wife Sarah on two different occasions.
अब्राहाम ठूलो विश्वास भएका व्यक्ति भए तापनि उनले आफ्नी पत्नी साराको विषयमा दुई फरक अवसरमा झूट बोले।
➤ Because he feared for his life and failed to trust God, Abraham told two different pagan kings that Sarah was his sister (Gen. 12:11-19; 20:1-18).
आफ्नो ज्यान जाने डरले र परमेश्वरमाथि भरोसा राख्न नसकेका कारण अब्राहामले दुई जना फरक मूर्तिपूजक राजाहरूलाई सारा आफ्नी बहिनी हुन् भनी बताए (उत्पत्ति १२:११–१९; २०:१–१८)।
◆ pagan — heathen, idol-worshiping, polytheistic — मूर्तिपूजक, अन्य देवताहरूको पूजा गर्ने
➤ By acting this way, Abraham brought shame upon Sarah, himself, and the God in whom he believed and whom he claimed to serve.
यस्तो व्यवहार गरेर अब्राहामले सारा, आफू स्वयं र आफूले विश्वास गर्ने तथा सेवा गर्ने दाबी गरेका परमेश्वरमाथि अपमान ल्याए।
◆ dishonor — disgrace, shame, humiliation — अपमान, बेइज्जती
◆ claimed — asserted, professed, declared — दाबी गरे, घोषणा गरे
➤ Nevertheless, God made Abraham the father of His chosen people, Israel, from whom the Messiah would come, and made David the father of the royal family line through which the Messiah would be born.
तैपनि परमेश्वरले अब्राहामलाई आफ्ना चुनिएका मानिसहरू इस्राएलका पिता बनाउनुभयो, जसबाट मसीह आउनुहुने थियो। त्यसैगरी उहाँले दाऊदलाई मसीह जन्मनुहुने राजवंशका पिता बनाउनुभयो।
◆ chosen people — elect nation, selected people — चुनिएका मानिसहरू, परमेश्वरले चुन्नुभएको जाति
◆ royal family line — dynasty, kingly lineage, royal ancestry — राजवंश, राजकीय वंशपरम्परा
➤ Jesus was David’s Son through His royal ancestry and Abraham’s Son through His Jewish ancestry.
येशू राजकीय वंशका आधारमा दाऊदका पुत्र र जातीय वंशका आधारमा अब्राहामका पुत्र हुनुहुन्थ्यो।
◆ royal ancestry — royal descent, kingly lineage — राजकीय वंश, राजवंशीय पुर्ख्यौली सम्बन्ध
➤ God’s grace also reached the generations of descendants who came between Abraham and David.
परमेश्वरको अनुग्रह अब्राहाम र दाऊदबीचका पुस्ताहरूमा रहेका वंशजहरूसम्म पनि पुग्यो।
◆ intervening — intermediate, coming between, in-between — बीचका, मध्यवर्ती
➤ Isaac was the promised son and also foreshadowed the Savior who would be sacrificed, since Isaac himself willingly allowed himself to be offered to God (Gen. 22:1-13).
इसहाक प्रतिज्ञाका पुत्र थिए र बलिदान हुनुहुने मुक्तिदाताका प्रतिरूप पनि थिए, किनकि उनी स्वयं परमेश्वरलाई बलिदानका रूपमा अर्पित हुन स्वेच्छाले तयार भएका थिए (उत्पत्ति २२:१–१३)।
◆ foreshadowed — prefigured, symbolized, pointed forward to — पूर्वसङ्केत गरे, प्रतिरूपका रूपमा देखाए
◆ sacrificial — involving sacrifice, offered as a sacrifice — बलिदानसम्बन्धी, बलिदानका रूपमा अर्पित
◆ willingly — voluntarily, freely, readily — स्वेच्छाले, इच्छापूर्वक
➤ God gave the name of Isaac’s son Jacob, who was later renamed Israel, to His chosen people.
परमेश्वरले इसहाकका छोरा याकूबलाई पछि इस्राएल नाम दिनुभयो, र आफ्ना चुनिएका मानिसहरूलाई पनि त्यही नाम दिनुभयो।
◆ renamed — given a new name, named again — नयाँ नाम दिइएको, नाम परिवर्तन गरिएको
➤ Jacob’s sons, including Judah and his brothers, became the heads of Israel’s tribes.
याकूबका छोराहरू, जसमा यहूदा र उनका भाइहरू पनि थिए, इस्राएलका विभिन्न कुलका अगुवा बने।
➤ All these men were sinners, and at different times they showed weakness and unfaithfulness.
यी सबै पुरुषहरू पापी थिए, र विभिन्न समयमा उनीहरूले कमजोरी तथा विश्वासयोग्यताको अभाव देखाए।
◆ unfaithfulness — disloyalty, faithlessness, unreliability — विश्वासयोग्यताको अभाव, निष्ठाहीनता
➤ Yet God remained continually faithful to them, and His grace stayed with them even when He rebuked and disciplined them.
तैपनि परमेश्वर उनीहरूप्रति निरन्तर विश्वासयोग्य रहनुभयो, र उहाँले उनीहरूलाई हप्काउनुहुँदा र अनुशासन दिनुहुँदा पनि उहाँको अनुग्रह उनीहरूसँग रहिरह्यो।
◆ continually — constantly, consistently, without ceasing — निरन्तर, लगातार
◆ rebuked — reproved, corrected, reprimanded — हप्काउनुभयो, ताडना दिनुभयो
➤ Solomon, David’s son who succeeded him as king, was peaceful and wise, but he also acted foolishly in many ways.
दाऊदपछि राजा बनेका उनका छोरा सोलोमन शान्तिप्रिय र बुद्धिमान् थिए, तर उनले धेरै कुरामा मूर्खतापूर्ण व्यवहार पनि गरे।
◆ successor — heir, replacement, one who follows — उत्तराधिकारी, पछि पद सम्हाल्ने व्यक्ति
➤ By marrying hundreds of women, most of them from pagan nations, Solomon laid the foundation for corruption in his family life and spiritual life.
सोलोमनले सयौँ महिलाहरूसँग विवाह गरेर आफ्नो पारिवारिक र आत्मिक जीवनमा भ्रष्टताको बीउ रोपे। ती महिलाहरूमध्ये अधिकांश त्यस समयका मूर्तिपूजक देशहरूबाट आएका थिए।
◆ sowed seeds — initiated, laid foundations, set in motion — बीउ रोपे, सुरुवात गरे
◆ domestic — household, family-related, internal — पारिवारिक, घरायसी
◆ corruption — moral decay, depravity, deterioration — भ्रष्टता, नैतिक पतन
➤ His wives turned Solomon’s heart and the hearts of many other Israelites away from the Lord (1 Kings 11:1-8).
उनका पत्नीहरूले सोलोमनको हृदय र अरू धेरै इस्राएलीहरूको हृदयलाई परमप्रभुबाट टाढा फर्काइदिए (१ राजा ११:१–८)।
➤ As a result, Israel lost its unity, and the kingdom soon became divided.
यसको परिणामस्वरूप इस्राएलको एकता भङ्ग भयो र केही समयमै राज्य विभाजित भयो।
◆ unity — harmony, oneness, solidarity — एकता, मेलमिलाप
◆ divided — separated, split, broken apart — विभाजित, टुक्रिएको
➤ Nevertheless, David’s royal family line remained unbroken, and God’s promise to him was eventually fulfilled.
तैपनि दाऊदको राजवंश अटुट रह्यो, र परमेश्वरले उनलाई दिनुभएको प्रतिज्ञा अन्ततः पूरा भयो।
◆ nevertheless — however, even so, despite that — तैपनि, त्यसो भए तापनि
◆ unbroken — continuous, intact, uninterrupted — अटुट, निरन्तर कायम रहेको
◆ eventually — ultimately, finally, in the end — अन्ततः, आखिरमा
➤ In the end, God’s grace triumphed.
अन्ततः परमेश्वरको अनुग्रह विजयी भयो।
◆ triumphed — prevailed, overcame, succeeded — विजयी भयो, प्रबल भयो
➤ A careful examination of Abraham’s and David’s descendants (vv. 2-16) shows that many of them were often characterized by unfaithfulness, immoral behavior, idol worship, and abandonment of the true faith.
अब्राहाम र दाऊदका वंशजहरूलाई ध्यानपूर्वक हेर्दा (पद २–१६) तिनीहरूमध्ये धेरैको जीवनमा प्रायः अविश्वासयोग्यता, अनैतिक आचरण, मूर्तिपूजा र साँचो विश्वासको त्याग देखिन्छ।
◆ immorality — wicked conduct, moral corruption, indecency — अनैतिकता, नैतिक भ्रष्टता
◆ idolatry — idol worship, worship of false gods — मूर्तिपूजा, झूटा देवताहरूको आराधना
◆ apostasy — abandonment of faith, religious defection — विश्वासत्याग, साँचो विश्वासबाट विमुख हुनु
➤ However, God’s dealings with these people were always characterized by grace.
तर परमेश्वरले यी मानिसहरूसँग गर्नुभएको व्यवहारमा सधैँ उहाँको अनुग्रह प्रकट भएको थियो।
◆ dealings — treatment, conduct toward, interactions — व्यवहार, कसैसँग गरिने कार्यहरू
➤ Jesus Christ, who came through the family lines of both David and Abraham, was sent to overcome their failures and the failures of all their descendants, and to accomplish what none of them could accomplish.
दाऊद र अब्राहाम दुवैको वंशबाट आउनुभएका येशू ख्रीष्ट ती दुई पुरुष र उनीहरूका सबै वंशजहरूको असफलतामाथि विजय प्राप्त गर्न तथा उनीहरूमध्ये कसैले पनि पूरा गर्न नसकेको काम सम्पन्न गर्न पठाइनुभएको थियो।
◆ overcome — conquer, defeat, prevail over — विजय प्राप्त गर्नु, परास्त गर्नु
◆ accomplish — achieve, fulfill, complete — पूरा गर्नु, सम्पन्न गर्नु
➤ The King who brings grace came through the family line of two sinful men.
अनुग्रहका राजा दुई जना पापी पुरुषहरूको वंशबाट आउनुभयो।
THE GRACE OF GOD SEEN IN THE HISTORY OF THREE ERAS
इतिहासका तीन कालखण्डहरूमा देखिएको परमेश्वरको अनुग्रह
➤ Therefore all the generations from Abraham to David are fourteen generations; and from David to the deportation to Babylon fourteen generations; and from the deportation to Babylon to the time of Christ fourteen generations. (1:17)
➤ Matthew’s summary of the genealogy shows how God’s grace was active during three distinct periods of Israel’s history.
मत्तीले प्रस्तुत गरेको वंशावलीको सारांशबाट इस्राएलको इतिहासका तीन फरक कालखण्डहरूमा परमेश्वरको अनुग्रह कसरी क्रियाशील थियो भन्ने देखिन्छ।
◆ eras — periods, ages, epochs — युगहरू, कालखण्डहरू
◆ distinct — separate, different, distinguishable — फरक, छुट्टाछुट्टै
➤ The first period, from Abraham to David, included the time of the patriarchs, Moses, Joshua, and the judges.
अब्राहामदेखि दाऊदसम्मको पहिलो कालखण्डमा कुलपिताहरू, मोशा, यहोशू र न्यायकर्ताहरूको समय समावेश थियो।
◆ patriarchs — forefathers, ancestral leaders, founding fathers — कुलपिताहरू, पुर्खा अगुवाहरू
➤ During this period, Israel experienced wandering, slavery in a foreign land, deliverance, the making of covenants, the giving of God’s Law, conquest, and victory.
यस कालखण्डमा इस्राएलले भौँतारिने जीवन, विदेशी भूमिमा दासत्व, बन्धनबाट छुटकारा, करारहरूको स्थापना, परमेश्वरको व्यवस्था प्राप्ति, विजय अभियान र विजयका घटनाहरू अनुभव गर्यो।
◆ enslavement — slavery, bondage, captivity — दासत्व, बन्धन
◆ deliverance — rescue, liberation, salvation — छुटकारा, उद्धार
◆ covenant-making — forming covenants, establishing solemn agreements — करार स्थापना गर्नु, गम्भीर प्रतिज्ञामा बाँधिनु
◆ conquest — military victory, subjugation, taking possession — विजय अभियान, जितेर अधीनमा पार्नु
➤ The second period, from David to the exile in Babylon, was the age of Israel’s kings, when the Israelites learned that the human rulers they had demanded in imitation of surrounding nations often led them away from God into trouble rather than toward God into peace and prosperity.
दाऊददेखि बेबिलोनको निर्वासनसम्मको दोस्रो कालखण्ड राजाहरूको युग थियो। यस समयमा इस्राएलीहरूले वरिपरिका जातिहरूको अनुकरण गर्दै मागेका मानवीय राजाहरूले आफूहरूलाई परमेश्वर, शान्ति र समृद्धितर्फ डोर्याउनुभन्दा धेरै पटक परमेश्वरबाट टाढा र सङ्कटतर्फ डोर्याएको अनुभव गरे।
◆ monarchy — kingship, royal government, rule by kings — राजतन्त्र, राजकीय शासन
◆ imitation — copying, following an example, emulation — अनुकरण, नक्कल
◆ prosperity — success, well-being, flourishing — समृद्धि, उन्नति
➤ Almost this entire period was marked by continuing decline, moral corruption, abandonment of the faith, and tragedy.
यो लगभग सम्पूर्ण कालखण्ड निरन्तर पतन, नैतिक भ्रष्टता, विश्वासत्याग र दुःखद घटनाहरूले भरिएको थियो।
◆ decline — deterioration, downfall, weakening — पतन, अवनति
◆ degeneracy — moral decay, corruption, depravity — नैतिक भ्रष्टता, अधोगति
◆ tragedy — calamity, disaster, misfortune — दुःखद घटना, विपत्ति
➤ Israel suffered military defeat, conquest by foreign powers, exile, and the destruction of Jerusalem and its Temple.
इस्राएलले युद्धमा पराजय, विदेशी शक्तिहरूको अधीनमा पर्नु, निर्वासन, अनि यरूशलेम र त्यहाँको मन्दिरको विनाश भोग्नुपर्यो।
◆ conquest — subjugation, capture, military takeover — विजय गरेर अधीनमा पार्नु, कब्जा
◆ exile — banishment, deportation, displacement — निर्वासन, देशनिकाला
➤ Among the kings of this period, David, Jehoshaphat, Hezekiah, and Josiah were the main ones whose lives showed much evidence of godliness.
यस कालखण्डका राजाहरूमध्ये दाऊद, यहोशापात, हिजकियाह र योशियाहका जीवनमा मात्र परमेश्वरप्रतिको भक्तिका धेरै प्रमाणहरू देखिन्छन्।
◆ godliness — piety, devotion to God, holiness — ईश्वरीय भक्ति, परमेश्वरप्रतिको निष्ठा
➤ The third period, from the Babylonian exile until the time of Christ, was characterized by captivity, exile, disappointment, and long years of waiting.
बेबिलोनको निर्वासनदेखि ख्रीष्टको समयसम्मको तेस्रो कालखण्ड कैद, निर्वासन, निराशा र लामो प्रतीक्षाले चिनिएको थियो।
◆ captivity — imprisonment, confinement, bondage — कैद, बन्धन
◆ frustration — disappointment, discouragement, dissatisfaction — निराशा, हताशा
➤ Apart from their names appearing in Matthew’s genealogy, little is known about most of the men listed between Shealtiel and Jacob, the father of Joseph.
शाल्तिएलदेखि योसेफका पिता याकूबसम्म उल्लेख गरिएका अधिकांश मानिसहरूबारे मत्तीको वंशावलीमा उनीहरूको नाम आएको बाहेक धेरै कम जानकारी पाइन्छ।
➤ Much of this period remains hidden in historical darkness and appears to have been a time of little lasting significance.
यो कालखण्डको धेरै भाग ऐतिहासिक रूपमा अस्पष्ट छ, र यस समयमा स्थायी महत्त्व भएका घटनाहरू अत्यन्त कम भएका देखिन्छन्।
◆ shrouded — covered, concealed, obscured — ढाकिएको, अस्पष्ट बनाइएको
◆ inconsequence — insignificance, lack of importance — महत्त्वहीनता, विशेष परिणामको अभाव
➤ It was a dark age in Israel’s history.
यो इस्राएलको इतिहासको अन्धकारमय युग थियो।
◆ Dark Ages — period of obscurity, era of decline — अन्धकारमय युग, पतनको कालखण्ड
➤ Nevertheless, throughout all three periods, God’s grace continued to work for the good of His people.
तैपनि यी तीनवटै कालखण्डभरि परमेश्वरको अनुग्रह आफ्ना मानिसहरूको हितका निम्ति निरन्तर क्रियाशील रह्यो।
◆ on behalf of — for the sake of, in support of — पक्षमा, हितका निम्ति
➤ The national ancestry of Jesus contains a mixture of glory and sorrow, courage and disgrace, famous people and people who remained unknown.
येशूको राष्ट्रिय वंशावलीमा महिमा र दुःख, वीरता र अपमान, अनि प्रसिद्ध र अपरिचित मानिसहरूको मिश्रण पाइन्छ।
◆ pathos — sorrow, sadness, emotional suffering — करुणा जगाउने दुःख, दुःखद अवस्था
◆ heroism — bravery, courage, valor — वीरता, साहस
◆ renown — fame, reputation, distinction — प्रसिद्धि, ख्याति
◆ obscurity — anonymity, lack of recognition — गुमनामी, अपरिचित अवस्था
➤ Israel experienced success, decline, and stagnation before finally rejecting and crucifying the very Messiah whom God had sent to them.
इस्राएलले उन्नति, पतन र प्रगति रोकिएका समयहरू अनुभव गर्यो, र अन्ततः परमेश्वरले उनीहरूकहाँ पठाउनुभएको मसीहलाई अस्वीकार गरेर क्रूसमा टाँग्यो।
◆ stagnation — inactivity, lack of progress, standstill — ठप्प अवस्था, प्रगतिको अभाव
◆ crucified — executed on a cross, put to death by crucifixion — क्रूसमा टाँगियो, क्रूसमा मृत्युदण्ड दिइयो
➤ Yet despite all those failures, God still sent the Messiah through Israel because of His infinite grace.
तैपनि ती सबै असफलताका बाबजुद परमेश्वरले आफ्नो असीम अनुग्रहद्वारा इस्राएलकै वंशमार्फत मसीहलाई पठाउनुभयो।
◆ infinite — limitless, boundless, immeasurable — असीम, सीमाहीन
THE GRACE OF GOD SEEN IN THE INCLUSION OF FOUR OUTCASTS
चार जना बहिष्कृत व्यक्तिहरूलाई समावेश गर्नुमा देखिएको परमेश्वरको अनुग्रह
➤ and to Judah were born Perez and Zerah by Tamar; and to Perez was born Hezron; and to Hezron, Ram; and to Ram was born Amminadab; and to Amminadab, Nahshon; and to Nahshon, Salmon; and to Salmon was born Boaz by Rahab; and to Boaz was born Obed by Ruth; and to Obed, Jesse; and to Jesse was born David the king. And to David was born Solomon by her who had been the wife of Uriah. (1:3-6)
➤ Matthew’s genealogy also shows God’s grace through His choice of four women who had previously been regarded as outsiders, the only women named before Mary, and through whom the Messiah and great King would descend.
मत्तीको वंशावलीले पहिले समाजबाट बहिष्कृत मानिएका चार जना महिलाहरूलाई परमेश्वरले छान्नुभएको कुरामार्फत पनि उहाँको अनुग्रह प्रकट गर्छ। मरियमको उल्लेख हुनुअघि वंशावलीमा नाम दिइएका महिलाहरू यिनै चार जना मात्र हुन्, र उनीहरूकै वंशमार्फत मसीह अर्थात् महान् राजा आउनुहुने थियो।
◆ outcasts — excluded people, rejected persons, social outsiders — बहिष्कृत व्यक्तिहरू, समाजबाट अलग पारिएका मानिसहरू
◆ descend — come from, originate from, trace ancestry — वंशबाट आउनु, वंशज हुनु
➤ These four women are remarkable examples of God’s grace, which is why they are included in a genealogy that otherwise contains only the names of men.
यी चार महिलाहरू परमेश्वरको अनुग्रहका असाधारण उदाहरणहरू हुन्। यही कारणले गर्दा अन्यथा पुरुषहरूको नाम मात्र भएको वंशावलीमा उनीहरूलाई पनि समावेश गरिएको छ।
◆ exceptional — extraordinary, remarkable, unusual — असाधारण, उल्लेखनीय
◆ illustrations — examples, demonstrations, representations — उदाहरणहरू, स्पष्ट चित्रणहरू
TAMAR — THE FIRST OUTCAST
तामार — पहिलो बहिष्कृत महिला
➤ The first woman regarded as an outsider was Tamar, a Canaanite woman who became Judah’s daughter-in-law.
बहिष्कृत मानिएकी पहिलो महिला तामार थिइन्, जो यहूदाकी बुहारी बनेकी एक कनानी महिला थिइन्।
◆ Canaanite — person from Canaan, inhabitant of Canaan — कनानी व्यक्ति, कनानकी बासिन्दा
◆ daughter-in-law — son’s wife, spouse of one’s son — बुहारी, छोराकी पत्नी
➤ Because of their wicked behavior, God had taken the lives of Tamar’s husband, Er, and his next younger brother, Onan.
तामारका पति एर र उनका भाइ ओनानको दुष्टताका कारण परमेश्वरले उनीहरूको जीवन अन्त्य गर्नुभएको थियो।
◆ wickedness — evil, depravity, wrongdoing — दुष्टता, अधर्म
➤ Judah then promised Tamar, who was a young widow without children, that his third son, Shelah, would marry her when he became old enough and would raise children in the name of his deceased brother.
त्यसपछि यहूदाले सन्तान नभएकी जवान विधवा तामारलाई आफ्नो तेस्रो छोरा शेलह ठूलो भएपछि उनीसँग विवाह गर्नेछ र आफ्ना मृत दाजुको नाममा सन्तान उत्पन्न गर्नेछ भनी प्रतिज्ञा गरे।
◆ widow — woman whose husband has died, bereaved wife — विधवा, पति गुमाएकी स्त्री
◆ deceased — dead, departed, no longer living — मृत, बितिसकेको
➤ When Judah failed to keep that promise, Tamar disguised herself as a prostitute and deceived him into having sexual relations with her.
यहूदाले त्यो प्रतिज्ञा पूरा नगरेपछि तामारले वेश्याको भेष धारण गरिन् र छल गरेर यहूदालाई आफूसँग यौनसम्बन्ध राख्न लगाइन्।
◆ disguised — concealed her identity, dressed up, changed appearance — भेष बदलिन्, आफ्नो पहिचान लुकाइन्
◆ deceived — tricked, fooled, misled — छल गरिन्, झुक्याइन्
◆ prostitute — harlot, woman engaged in prostitution — वेश्या, देहव्यापार गर्ने महिला
➤ That unlawful sexual relationship resulted in the birth of twin sons named Perez and Zerah.
त्यस अवैध यौनसम्बन्धबाट पेरेस र जेरह नामका जुम्ल्याहा छोराहरू जन्मिए।
◆ illicit union — unlawful relationship, forbidden sexual relationship — अवैध सम्बन्ध, निषेधित यौनसम्बन्ध
➤ Genesis chapter 38 records the shameful details of this event.
उत्पत्ति अध्याय ३८ मा यस लज्जास्पद घटनाको विवरण पाइन्छ।
◆ sordid — shameful, disgraceful, morally corrupt — लज्जास्पद, नैतिक रूपमा घिनलाग्दो
➤ As Matthew’s genealogy shows, Tamar and her son Perez, together with Judah, became part of the family line through which the Messiah would come.
मत्तीको वंशावलीले देखाएअनुसार तामार र उनका छोरा पेरेस पनि यहूदासँगै मसीह आउनुहुने वंशको भाग बने।
◆ messianic line — Messiah’s ancestry, messianic lineage — मसीहको वंश, मसीही वंशपरम्परा
➤ Despite the prostitution and incest involved in this event, God’s grace reached all three undeserving individuals, including Tamar, a desperate Gentile woman who used deception and presented herself as a prostitute.
यस घटनामा वेश्यावृत्ति र हाडनाता करणी समावेश भए तापनि परमेश्वरको अनुग्रह त्यसका योग्य नभएका तीनै व्यक्तिहरूमाथि आयो। तीमध्ये तामार पनि थिइन्, जो विवश अवस्थामा छल गरेर आफूलाई वेश्याको रूपमा प्रस्तुत गर्ने गैरयहूदी महिला थिइन्।
◆ incest — sexual relations between close relatives, forbidden kinship relations — हाडनाता करणी, नजिकका नातेदारबीचको निषेधित यौनसम्बन्ध
◆ undeserving — unworthy, not meriting favor — अयोग्य, अनुग्रह पाउन योग्य नभएको
◆ desperate — distressed, hopeless, driven by extreme need — विवश, निराश
◆ deception — dishonesty, trickery, deceit — छल, धोका
RAHAB — THE SECOND OUTCAST
राहाब — दोस्रो बहिष्कृत महिला
➤ The second person who had previously been regarded as an outsider was also a woman who belonged to a Gentile nation.
पहिले बहिष्कृत मानिएकी दोस्रो व्यक्ति पनि गैरयहूदी जातिकी एक महिला थिइन्।
◆ Gentile — non-Jew, person from another nation — गैरयहूदी, अन्यजाति व्यक्ति
➤ Like Tamar, she had been involved in prostitution, but unlike Tamar, prostitution was her regular profession.
तामारजस्तै उनी पनि वेश्यावृत्तिमा संलग्न थिइन्, तर तामारभन्दा फरक, वेश्यावृत्ति नै उनको नियमित पेसा थियो।
◆ profession — occupation, livelihood, trade — पेसा, जीविकोपार्जनको काम
➤ Rahab lived in Jericho and protected the two Israelite spies whom Joshua had sent to investigate the city.
राहाब यरीहोकी बासिन्दा थिइन्, र उनले यहोशूले सहरको भेद लिन पठाएका दुई जना इस्राएली गुप्तचरहरूलाई सुरक्षा दिइन्।
◆ spies — scouts, secret agents, intelligence gatherers — गुप्तचरहरू, जासुसहरू
◆ investigate — examine, explore, gather information about — जाँच गर्नु, भेद लिनु
➤ Rahab gave false information to the messengers of Jericho’s king to save the spies, but because she feared God and showed kindness to His people, God spared her life and the lives of her family when Jericho was surrounded and destroyed (Josh. 2:1-21; 6:22-25).
राहाबले ती गुप्तचरहरूलाई बचाउन यरीहोका राजाका सन्देशवाहकहरूलाई झूटो जानकारी दिइन्। तर परमेश्वरप्रतिको उनको भय र उहाँका मानिसहरूप्रति देखाएको दयाका कारण यरीहो घेराबन्दी गरी नष्ट गरिँदा परमेश्वरले उनको र उनको परिवारका सदस्यहरूको जीवन बचाउनुभयो (यहोशू २:१–२१; ६:२२–२५)।
◆ messengers — envoys, representatives, couriers — सन्देशवाहकहरू, दूतहरू
◆ spared — preserved, rescued, saved from harm — बचाउनुभयो, हानिबाट जोगाउनुभयो
◆ besieged — surrounded, blockaded, encircled — घेराबन्दी गरिएको, चारैतिरबाट घेरिएको
➤ God’s grace not only saved Rahab’s life but also brought her into the Messiah’s family line as Salmon’s wife and the mother of the godly Boaz, who was David’s great-grandfather.
परमेश्वरको अनुग्रहले राहाबको जीवन मात्र बचाएन, तर उनलाई मसीहको वंशमा पनि समावेश गर्यो। उनी साल्मोनकी पत्नी र परमेश्वरको भक्तिपूर्वक जीवन बिताउने बोअजकी आमा बनिन्। बोअज दाऊदका बराजु थिए।
◆ godly — devout, pious, faithful to God — भक्तिपूर्ण, परमेश्वरप्रति विश्वासयोग्य
◆ great-grandfather — grandfather’s father, earlier male ancestor — बराजु, हजुरबुबाका पिता
RUTH — THE THIRD OUTCAST
रूथ — तेस्रो बहिष्कृत महिला
➤ The third woman regarded as an outsider was Ruth, who became Boaz’s wife.
बहिष्कृत मानिएकी तेस्रो महिला रूथ थिइन्, जो बोअजकी पत्नी बनिन्।
➤ Like Tamar and Rahab, Ruth also came from a Gentile nation.
तामार र राहाबजस्तै रूथ पनि गैरयहूदी जातिबाट आएकी थिइन्।
➤ After her first husband, an Israelite man, died, Ruth returned to Israel with her mother-in-law, Naomi.
उनका पहिलो पति, जो इस्राएली पुरुष थिए, मरेपछि रूथ आफ्नी सासू नाओमीसँग इस्राएल फर्किइन्।
◆ mother-in-law — husband’s mother, spouse’s mother — सासू, पतिकी आमा
➤ Ruth was devoted to God, loving, and considerate toward others, and she had accepted the Lord as her own God.
रूथ परमेश्वरप्रति समर्पित, प्रेमपूर्ण र अरूको भावना बुझ्ने महिला थिइन्। उनले परमप्रभुलाई आफ्नै परमेश्वरका रूपमा स्वीकार गरेकी थिइन्।
◆ devout — devoted, pious, faithful — भक्तिपूर्ण, परमेश्वरप्रति समर्पित
◆ sensitive — considerate, compassionate, understanding — संवेदनशील, अरूको भावना बुझ्ने
➤ The Moabite people, who practiced pagan religion and from whom Ruth came, descended from the incestuous relationships between Lot and his two unmarried daughters.
रूथको जाति मोआबीहरू मूर्तिपूजक धर्म मान्थे, र उनीहरूको वंश लोत र उनका दुई अविवाहित छोरीहरूबीचको हाडनाता करणीबाट उत्पन्न भएको थियो।
◆ pagan — heathen, idol-worshiping, polytheistic — मूर्तिपूजक, अन्य देवताहरूको पूजा गर्ने
◆ incestuous relations — sexual relations between close relatives, forbidden kinship relations — हाडनाता करणी, नजिकका नातेदारबीचको निषेधित यौनसम्बन्ध
➤ Because neither daughter had a husband or brothers who could continue the family line, each made her father drunk so that he would unknowingly have sexual relations with her and produce descendants.
ती दुवै छोरीका पति वा वंश अघि बढाउने दाजुभाइ नभएकाले प्रत्येकले आफ्नो पितालाई मदिरा पिलाएर मात्ने बनाइन् र उनलाई थाहै नहुने अवस्थामा आफूसँग यौनसम्बन्ध राख्न लगाई सन्तान उत्पन्न गर्ने उपाय अपनाइन्।
◆ preserve — maintain, protect, continue — कायम राख्नु, जोगाउनु
◆ unknowingly — without awareness, unwittingly, unintentionally — थाहा नपाई, अनजानमा
➤ Lot’s older daughter gave birth to a son named Moab, who became the ancestor of a people known as one of Israel’s most persistent and hostile enemies.
लोतकी जेठी छोरीले मोआब नामका छोरालाई जन्माइन्। उनी पछि इस्राएलका सबैभन्दा कट्टर शत्रुहरूमध्ये एक बनेको जातिका पुर्खा भए।
◆ implacable — relentless, unyielding, irreconcilable — कट्टर, शत्रुता नछोड्ने
◆ hostile — antagonistic, unfriendly, opposed — शत्रुतापूर्ण, विरोधी
➤ Mahlon, the Israelite who married Ruth, violated the Law of Moses by marrying her (Deut. 7:3; cf. 23:3; Ezra 9:2; Neh. 13:23), and many Jewish writers have regarded the early deaths of Mahlon and his brother as God’s judgment for their disobedience.
रूथसँग विवाह गर्ने इस्राएली महलोनले त्यसो गरेर मोशाको व्यवस्थाको उल्लङ्घन गरे (व्यवस्था ७:३; तुलना गर्नुहोस् २३:३; एज्रा ९:२; नहेम्याह १३:२३)। धेरै यहूदी लेखकहरूले महलोन र उनका भाइको अकाल मृत्युलाई उनीहरूको अनाज्ञाकारितामाथि आएको परमेश्वरको न्यायका रूपमा बुझेका छन्।
◆ violated — broke, transgressed, disobeyed — उल्लङ्घन गरे, आज्ञा तोडे
◆ Mosaic Law — Law of Moses, commandments given through Moses — मोशाको व्यवस्था, मोशामार्फत दिइएको व्यवस्था
◆ divine judgment — God’s punishment, judgment from God — परमेश्वरको न्याय, ईश्वरीय दण्ड
◆ disobedience — defiance, refusal to obey, rebellion — अनाज्ञाकारिता, आज्ञा उल्लङ्घन
➤ Although Ruth was a Moabite and had previously followed pagan religion, and although she had no right to marry an Israelite, God’s grace brought her not only into the family of Israel but later, through Boaz, into the royal family line.
रूथ मोआबी थिइन् र पहिले मूर्तिपूजक धर्म मान्थिन्। उनलाई इस्राएली पुरुषसँग विवाह गर्ने अधिकार नभए तापनि परमेश्वरको अनुग्रहले उनलाई इस्राएलको परिवारमा मात्र होइन, पछि बोअजमार्फत राजवंशमा पनि समावेश गर्यो।
◆ former — previous, earlier, prior — पहिलेको, पूर्व
◆ royal family line — dynasty, royal ancestry, kingly lineage — राजवंश, राजकीय वंशपरम्परा
➤ Ruth became the grandmother of Israel’s great King David.
रूथ इस्राएलका महान् राजा दाऊदकी हजुरआमा बनिन्।
◆ grandmother — female grandparent, parent’s mother — हजुरआमा, आमाबुबाकी आमा
BATHSHEBA — THE FOURTH OUTCAST
बतशेबा — चौथो बहिष्कृत महिला
➤ The fourth woman regarded as an outsider was Bathsheba.
बहिष्कृत मानिएकी चौथो महिला बतशेबा थिइन्।
➤ Matthew does not identify Bathsheba by name in the genealogy but refers to her only as David’s wife who had previously been married to Uriah.
मत्तीले वंशावलीमा बतशेबाको नाम उल्लेख गर्दैनन्, तर उनलाई पहिले उरियाहकी पत्नी भएकी र पछि दाऊदकी पत्नी बनेकी महिलाका रूपमा मात्र चिनाउँछन्।
◆ identify — name, recognize, specify — पहिचान गर्नु, नाम उल्लेख गर्नु
◆ previously — formerly, earlier, before that — पहिले, त्यसअघि
➤ As already explained, David committed adultery with Bathsheba, arranged for her husband to be sent to the battlefield where he would be killed, and afterward married her himself.
पहिले व्याख्या गरिएझैँ, दाऊदले बतशेबासँग व्यभिचार गरे, उनका पति युद्धमा मारिऊन् भनेर उनलाई युद्धको अग्रपङ्क्तिमा पठाउने व्यवस्था मिलाए, र त्यसपछि आफैँले बतशेबासँग विवाह गरे।
◆ adultery — marital unfaithfulness, extramarital relationship — व्यभिचार, वैवाहिक बेइमानी
◆ battlefront — front line, combat zone, war front — युद्धको अग्रपङ्क्ति, लडाइँको अगाडिको भाग
➤ The child born from their adulterous relationship died as an infant, but their next son was Solomon, who succeeded David as King and continued the family line leading to the Messiah (2 Sam. 11:1-27; 12:14, 24).
उनीहरूको व्यभिचारपूर्ण सम्बन्धबाट जन्मिएको सन्तान शिशु अवस्थामै मर्यो, तर त्यसपछि जन्मिएका छोरा सोलोमन थिए, जो दाऊदपछि राजा बने र मसीहसम्म पुग्ने वंशपरम्परालाई निरन्तरता दिए (२ शमूएल ११:१–२७; १२:१४, २४)।
◆ adulterous — involving adultery, unfaithful in marriage — व्यभिचारपूर्ण, वैवाहिक निष्ठाविपरीत
◆ infancy — babyhood, early childhood — शैशवावस्था, शिशु अवस्था
◆ successor — heir, inheritor, one who follows — उत्तराधिकारी, पछि पद सम्हाल्ने व्यक्ति
➤ Through God’s grace, Bathsheba became David’s wife, Solomon’s mother, and one of the ancestors of the Messiah.
परमेश्वरको अनुग्रहद्वारा बतशेबा दाऊदकी पत्नी, सोलोमनकी आमा र मसीहका पुर्खाहरूमध्ये एक बनिन्।
◆ ancestor — forebear, predecessor, progenitor — पुर्खा, पूर्वज
➤ The genealogy of Jesus Christ is much more than a collection of ancient names, and its meaning goes far beyond identifying His human ancestors.
येशू ख्रीष्टको वंशावली प्राचीन मानिसहरूको नामको सूची मात्र होइन; यसको महत्त्व उहाँका मानवीय पुर्खाहरूको पहिचान गराउनुभन्दा धेरै ठूलो छ।
◆ immeasurably — enormously, incalculably, beyond measure — अत्यन्त धेरै, मापन गर्न नसकिने गरी
◆ forebears — ancestors, predecessors, forefathers — पुर्खाहरू, पूर्वजहरू
➤ This family history is a beautiful testimony to God’s grace and to the ministry of His Son Jesus Christ, the friend of sinners, who declared that He came to call sinners rather than the righteous (Matt. 9:13).
यो वंशावली परमेश्वरको अनुग्रह र उहाँका पुत्र येशू ख्रीष्टको सेवाकार्यको सुन्दर साक्षी हो। येशू पापीहरूका मित्र हुनुहुन्छ, जसले “म धर्मीहरूलाई होइन, तर पापीहरूलाई बोलाउन आएको हुँ” भनी घोषणा गर्नुभयो (मत्ती ९:१३)।
◆ testimony — witness, evidence, declaration — साक्षी, प्रमाण
◆ ministry — service, mission, spiritual work — सेवाकार्य, आत्मिक सेवा
◆ righteous — just, upright, morally right — धर्मी, न्यायी
➤ If Jesus graciously called sinners to become His human ancestors, why should we be surprised that He also graciously calls sinners to become His descendants?
यदि येशूले अनुग्रहपूर्वक पापीहरूलाई आफ्ना मानवीय पुर्खा हुन बोलाउनुभयो भने, उहाँले पापीहरूलाई आफ्ना सन्तान हुन अनुग्रहपूर्वक बोलाउनुहुँदा हामी किन आश्चर्यचकित हुनुपर्छ र?
◆ graciously — mercifully, kindly, with favor — अनुग्रहपूर्वक, कृपापूर्वक
◆ descendants — offspring, posterity, future generations — सन्तानहरू, वंशजहरू
➤ The King presented in Matthew’s genealogy is truly the King of grace!
मत्तीको वंशावलीमा प्रस्तुत गरिनुभएका राजा साँच्चै अनुग्रहका राजा हुनुहुन्छ!
